Central Dogma: Replication, Transcription, Translation
The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information within a cell. It outlines the process by which genetic information is passed from DNA to proteins.
Replication:
- DNA replication is the process of creating an exact copy of DNA.
- It occurs during cell division, ensuring genetic material is passed to daughter cells.
Transcription:
- Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA molecule from DNA.
- It occurs in the nucleus (eukaryotes) or cytoplasm (prokaryotes).
Translation:
- Translation is the process of building a protein from an RNA molecule.
- It occurs on ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Flow of Genetic Information:
DNA → Replication → DNA
DNA → Transcription → RNA
RNA → Translation → Protein
The central dogma highlights the critical steps in gene expression, from DNA replication to protein synthesis.
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